Research Article
Chronic Vulvar Discomfort: Clinical Profiles, Pain Mapping, and Diagnostic Insights
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, June 2025
Pages:
35-47
Received:
12 April 2025
Accepted:
21 April 2025
Published:
22 May 2025
Abstract: This study provides a comprehensive clinical evaluation of women with chronic vulvar discomfort (CVD), focusing on two primary conditions underlying these symptoms: vulvodynia and vulvar dermatoses. A total of 328 women were enrolled in the DATRIV study (Diagnostic Accuracy of Three Rings Vulvoscopy) and categorized into four clinical groups: asymptomatic women with a normal vulva, asymptomatic women with impaired vulvar skin, and symptomatic patients diagnosed with either vulvodynia or vulvar dermatosis. Each participant underwent structured symptom profiling, sexual activity assessment, and targeted pain localization using the cotton-swab (Q-tip) test, systematically applied across a novel three-ring anatomical model (outer, middle, and inner vulvar rings). Pain response was further mapped using a clock-face method. Dyspareunia severity was graded with the Marinoff Index, and potential symptom triggers were explored through standardized behavioral and environmental questionnaires. Clinical data were analyzed using StatSoft, Statistica 12, and SPSS 20. The Institutional Review Board of Polyclinic Harni approved the study, and all participants provided written informed consent. Findings showed that 100% of women with vulvodynia and 80.5% of those with vulvar dermatoses experienced dyspareunia (Marinoff grades 1–3), in contrast to only 1.3% of asymptomatic controls. Marinoff Index 2 (pain that occasionally prevents intercourse) was observed in 54.8% of vulvodynia and 52.9% of dermatosis patients. In comparison, Marinoff Index 3 (pain that completely precludes intercourse) was present in 15.1% and 26.5%, respectively. Pain mapping revealed that the inner vulvar ring, especially at 4, 6, and 8 o’clock, was the most pain-sensitive region in patients with vulvodynia, consistent with localized nociceptor hypersensitivity. Environmental and behavioral triggers—such as menstruation (54.9% in vulvodynia vs. 36.5% in dermatosis), tampon use (65.9% vs. 42.8%), urination-related discomfort (47.6% vs. 36.6%), cycling (61.9% vs. 47.4%), and tight clothing (reported symptom aggravation in 85.4% of vulvodynia patients vs. 46.3% of dermatosis patients)—were frequently identified, reflecting distinct trigger profiles between the conditions. This study highlights the diagnostic value of combining the Marinoff Index and cotton-swab test with structured pain mapping using the three-ring vulvar model and clock-face method. Together, these tools offer a reproducible and clinically meaningful framework for identifying vulvar pain phenotypes, enabling more individualized and effective therapeutic strategies for women with chronic vulvar pain syndromes.
Abstract: This study provides a comprehensive clinical evaluation of women with chronic vulvar discomfort (CVD), focusing on two primary conditions underlying these symptoms: vulvodynia and vulvar dermatoses. A total of 328 women were enrolled in the DATRIV study (Diagnostic Accuracy of Three Rings Vulvoscopy) and categorized into four clinical groups: asymp...
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Research Article
Screening for Precancerous Cervical Lesions by Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid and Lugol in Women Undergoing Hemodialysis in A Resource-Limited Country
Fousseny Diakite*
,
Aminata Diallo,
Ibrahima Koussy Bah,
Daniel Williams Athanas Leno,
Moussa Traoré,
Mamadou Saliou Balde,
Mohamed Lamine Kaba
Issue:
Volume 13, Issue 3, June 2025
Pages:
48-54
Received:
6 April 2025
Accepted:
24 April 2025
Published:
3 June 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.jgo.20251303.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Introduction: Women undergoing haemodialysis represent a particularly vulnerable population due to their chronically altered immune system. Visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol are alternative screening methods that have proved effective in various parts of the world. The aim of this study was to determine cervical abnormalities detected by visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol in women undergoing haemodialysis in a resource-limited country. Methods: This was a 3-month descriptive cross-sectional study from February 1 to April 30, 2024, including chronic hemodialysis women who underwent systematic visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol for suspicious cervical lesions. Data were collected by direct interview, literature review, gynecological examination including breast palpation, speculum examination. Results: Of the 83 haemodialysis patients, 90.4% had participated in the study, with the greatest number in the 36-55 age group, each accounting for 40%. A third of participants had no education (34.7%). More than half the women (54.7%) were married. The majority of participants were multigestational (62.7%), multiparous (54.7%) and 41.3% of women reported repeated genital infections. The prevalence of suspicious cervical lesions was 5.33%. Conclusion: Systematic screening with visual inspection with acetic acid and visual inspection with lugol in hemodialysis centers in Guinea could represent a major advance in the fight against cervical cancer.
Abstract: Introduction: Women undergoing haemodialysis represent a particularly vulnerable population due to their chronically altered immune system. Visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol are alternative screening methods that have proved effective in various parts of the world. The aim of this study was to determine cervical abnormalities detected by...
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